Missionary as … Bridge

I used this illustration in a few previous posts, here, here, here, here, and here, the first one of those was even before we arrived. The sense that I tried to convey was that a missionary is a connector of two cultures. They stand at the intersection between two ways of life. While joining a new culture you lose some of your own culture, yet you never fully enter the new culture as an insider. You receive the blessing of two cultures, so instead of just grieving the loss of your passport country culture, you become a 150% sort of person (75% old culture and 75% the new). I know all the math brains are shaking their heads at this. Holding both cultures in our person, we become the instrument of sharing In the same way that a bridge enables sharing. As I said in the previous post, it allows riches to pass from both locations to the other. These riches are ideas, habits, resources and most importantly relationships. This sharing happens through the mediation of the missionary. The clash of cultures in the missionary shapes them and they no longer fit in their passport country, but neither in their location fully. Instead, like a bridge, they hover over the water, occupying the midway between two.

Now in the picture I’m not really hovering, but it seems more like I will crumble in a second. The value of this picture is a further implicit meaning. Unintentionally my local friend is bearing most of my weight, while my expat friend gets off lightly. This does represent a truth as well. Locals often bear the burdens of missionaries in heavier ways than those from the missionary’s country. There is both blessing and burden. Or someone wise might say that the burden is the blessing.

Missionary as … Series

I used the photo above in our first year in Cambodia, here, in a blog series about settling in to a new country. It was meant to illustrate all the decisions that missionaries need to make when they first arrive. It was part of a time when I was working out Cambodia as a place. Growing in my knowledge of Cambodia as a place also means growing in my knowledge of my place in Cambodia. That is, part of getting to know a location is knowing our place in that location. This series is about that; our place in this location, Cambodia.

Over the years I have been toying with different descriptions that capture our experience as missionaries here. Some of these, like the Bridge description, here, I have been fiddling with since before we even arrived in Cambodia. Others I have found helpful as I reflect on being on location, here. Hopefully they provide helpful insights into our experience crossing cultures in ministry. In sharing them I seek to both further consolidate my thinking on these mission images, while at the same time providing a sense of what we do and why we do it this way. Hope you find these helpful. Would love to hear your thoughts and create some interaction around these pictures of mission.

Post-arrival #10: When the Khmer language is hard for Cambodians

This is my earliest recorded language mistake, after a month on location, now immortalised. I was trying to say ‘I like to ride a bike’. I ended up saying the equivalent of ‘they like wide-ing bic-eze’.

One movie my family loves is The Terminal.Tom Hanks plays a guy stranded in an airport without any English. As he learns English he is able to interact with a love interest (Katherine Zeta-Jones). In a hilarious moment, his hours of practicing asking her out with the phrase, ‘Would you like a bite to eat?’, comes out ‘Eat to bite’. Learning a second language is hard. But our own languages are hard too. And Khmer is hard for Cambodians too.

I was trying to use a Khmer word in class. I had written it up on the board so that it wasn’t just my pronunciation that they were stumbling over. My Khmer students didn’t understand. The word had been translated by another lecturer, so I wasn’t 100% sure why this word had been used. I knew another word that conveyed the meaning of my English word, so I used that instead.

There were a few things happening in this situation. The first is that this shows where I am starting to get up to in my Khmer language (following on from my recent language update). As I teach, we are wrestling together (the students and myself and other lecturers) about the best Khmer words to use. There is a normal and not-normal aspect to this situation. Because Khmer is their language not mine, my immediate reaction is to question whether I’ve got it right. This is a good reaction, but not a normal reaction. If I was working in English, I wouldn’t have that same questioning (though maybe I should). So the first thing that happens is I question whether the word I’ve used is right or not.

Second, this situation illustrates an important part of the Christian journey for every Christian regardless of language. In English and Khmer, growing in our faith means growing in our Christian vocabulary, understanding new words that help us learn about God and ourselves. So becoming and growing as a Christian has a learning-a-new-language component to it too. Just like if we were a doctor we would need to learn all the technical terms for sickness and such. In my head I wonder whether this situation is one of these moments, a chance for the students to learn some new vocab for their faith.

Third, this situation also illustrates an aspect of the Khmer language. There are two language modes, royal language and street language. Royal language are terms that you would use in relation to the king or divinity or a monk, but you wouldn’t use them in relation to an average person. They tend to be more academic and used seldomly in regular life. The second mode is general language used more in common conversation and even academic situations outside of those specific examples above. The particular wrestle is when to use royal language for Jesus and when not to. It can help to highlight his divinity. But it can also distance his humanity from ours when different words are used to describe him and for us. This is an interesting discussion that I have with my students. At present I just go for the both/and approach. Both terms have their importance. So sometimes when my students don’t understand it’s because the language is tricky and unfamiliar, even for them.

Jenny Asks #2

Joel and Hannah on their scooters on their way to the corner store

This is the second installment in a series that we hope helps convey some of the basics of life in Cambodia. If you missed the first one, it’s here.

Jenny: What’s something that your kids get to experience that they wouldn’t get to enjoy in Australia?

Sam: The thing I love most about living in our borey (housing complex) is that our children have the freedom to visit their friends whenever they want. Clare can go to meet her friends and buy a soft drink at the drink stand, and ride bikes around the streets (traffic is slow and usually resident vehicles). Hannah can walk to the corner store with her pocket money to buy candy, alone or with a friend. Joel gets on his scooter to go play with his friends at their house or at the playground. There is some grass, some run down swings, and the boys also love climbing trees and running around.

Jenny: What’s church like for your family?

Sam: When churches were given permission to meet in person in November 2021 (they were online for 80 weeks!), we joined the International Christian Fellowship (ICF). ICF meets in 2 locations, the closest to us meets at HOPE International School. This feels like a church plant, as we are small in number and are in the process of finding a Pastor (Sam is on the Pastor Search Committee). Sam helps with the kids ministry and roster, and Craig helps with preaching and the preaching roster, as well as with music and service leading. Craig has also joined the church council. Our children don’t usually join the kids program and are learning how to sit during the entire service. They enjoy kicking a soccer ball after the service or playing on the school playground. They also like eating morning tea, if there is any.

It has been a challenge to serve in a church without a pastor for a year now, and Craig has taken on a lot of the responsibilities with organizing a preaching roster and preaching regularly, and some pastoral responsibilities as well, on top of his other full-time job at the bible school.

Post-arrival #9: Teaching in Khmer: then and now

My favourite Intro to the Bible overview that I was taught by Dr Bill Salier.

I recently made a trip to a provincial town, Battambang. I think it’s the second or third largest city in Cambodia. There, representing PPBS, I was teaching Education by Extension (EE), a way to bring theological education to places in Cambodia that have less resources and opportunities to receive training in theology. 

My teaching program content was very similar to a one hour lesson that I did four years ago to residents from a province not far from Battambang, Koh Kong as they visited with a good friend of mine, Dr Jeff Hogue. See here for that post. The differences are shocking! That first time I taught for one hour. This time I taught for 18 hours in 3 days. That time I spoke in Khmer maybe 20-40% of the time. This time basically 100% Khmer. Then I had a missionary friend use the main concepts that I was trying to communicate and use his Khmer to get the points across. This time I had a Khmer lecturer give me tips (like that I should not say that the Israelites wanted to have sex with a king). Last time I had little interaction with individual students. This time we laughed when I said map instead of promised land, or when I couldn’t get my mouth around a fairly standard word. That time I couldn’t explain beyond the basics. This time I could talk about the nature of covenants, use the word for ‘important themes’ to show literary devices particularly in the Old Testament and convey the abstract ideas like the benefit of understanding context using the illustration of sight and touch as two ways to learn things.

I found out just recently that one of the things my missionary friend back then was impressed by was how little Khmer I had and yet I was giving it a go. Now I see the fruit of years of language learning. For those who are currently language learning (of which I still am), keep at it. It gets easier. And it’s so encouraging looking back.

Post-arrival #8: Read my lips

When someone makes kissy lips at you in Cambodia, they’re not flirting, it’s not a romantic gesture, they’re pointing. This could get you into lots of trouble if you assume that a young girl is making a move. Actually, it’s rude to point with your finger, so Cambodians pucker up and lift their head slightly back in the direction they want you to look. They’re pointing with their mouth. This is not just a female thing, I’ve seen male Khmers do it too. It’s one of those cultural things that no-one has really said anything about. Just 6 years down the track this is one of those ongoing learning culture things. Feels nice to pick up this cultural gesture now and very useful to be aware of when I’m talking to female Khmers.

Post-arrival #7: Two Cambodian resource recommendations

Can you guess the topic?

In my teaching at the Bible School, while there have been some good Khmer theology resources produced, one remains my favourite. J.I Packer’s ‘Concise Theology’ has been translated by the current Principal of Phnom Penh Bible School (PPBS). It remains my favourite text as I teach my theology subjects. At present I would call it the gold standard for Khmer theology. It has helped me learn Khmer more, particularly theological Khmer, and provides a great resource that my students and I read and discuss together in my theology classes.

For those who are podcast listeners and want an indepth history of Cambodia to listen to, particularly in relation to the Khmer Rouge, then I can’t recommend enough Lachlan Peter’s podcast, Shadows of Utopia. This podcast is worth the listen.

Post-arrival #6: Being good at airports?

I’ve heard it said that missionaries often find it hard to feel at home and yet quite weirdly can feel at home in airports. Not that airports aren’t stressful, but with the sheer amount of time spent in airports, you can feel more at home in them.

Now don’t get me wrong. That doesn’t mean that missionaries always do airports well. In fact, more time in airports probably just means more opportunities for stories. Stories like arriving at an airport 12 hours too early and with no sleep and no money, needing to walk around the airport, staying upright in-order to just stay awake. 

Or arriving in Cambodia for the first time and handing over $2000 and our passports in the vague hope that we would get visas, that were thankfully granted a week later (that was a long wait). 

Or the time you arrive in Cambodia and leave the airport having forgotten one of your five suitcases. 

Or the time you arrive in a regional airport in Australia after 30 hours of flying, arriving with a tantrumming three year old and you get asked if this is his first time flying as to the reason for his meltdown (he’d already flown close to 10x in his life). He was just exhausted and over it with all the flying. This is also not to mention the amount of times we have all slept at the airport as we await connections. 

Or the time you felt like a cast member from ‘Home Alone 2’ and need to mad dash across an international airport because you’ve been sitting at the wrong gate. That’s a $5000 mistake that I would have regretted. Now, as a result, I check the tickets much more closely now. 

Despite all this experience and how familiar all airports feel, there is nothing better than leaving the airport having finished the trip.

Post-arrival #5: Reflections after 5 years on location

Me with my school small group at Khmer New Year

In January it was six years since we first arrived in Cambodia. I’m about to start my seventh semester of teaching at the Bible school (PPBS). It’s the first year I’ll be able to teach the same subjects a second time and I’m looking forward to tweaking content rather than weekly content creation for the first time. Its also the first time I’m teaching without a translator in class. Look at me with my big boy pants on.

I remember speaking to a missionary at Summer School (CMS’s annual conference) and he was talking about the missionary timeline. He said something like this. First term just aim to survive. Don’t die. Stay married. Second term aim to make a list of all the things you might want to do. Third term address the first point on that list. What was useful about this observation was keeping my expectations realistic about the slowness and patience required in mission work. This has been a helpful frame that has proved true from experience so far.

There has also been a change in how I serve here in Cambodia. In the beginning it was very individually based. Though going to a language school, language learning is essentially something that you do yourself. You set your goals and work towards them. When I started teaching it was a similar phenomenon. I would set the syllabus and the content would come from there. Over the last year or so, as my proficiency in Khmer and teaching in Khmer has improved, I’ve taken on more responsibility at the school in a different way. Being involved in a more administrative capacity has meant that that essentially individual feature of the last five years has morphed to a more team or group approach at work. In essence working more as a team is just a different mode from primarily on your own at your own pace. This has been a change that has really only occurred in this second term. 

It’ll be interesting to see what change(s) occur as we finish out this second term and look to our third.

Post-arrival #4: It takes a village of institutions to raise a language learner

An overview of the course I’m teaching

This post follows on from the previous post about where I’m up to in my language learning with a wider reflection on the things that assist us as we learn a new language.

One of the things that has struck me as I continue to develop my Khmer language skills is the number of supports it takes to learn a language. It takes a whole village, or a village of institutions, for me to be where I am now in Khmer language ability. 

Firstly, a vital institution for language learning is the CMS fellowship, with both its priority on long term mission and the importance it places in learning the local language in order to be able to stay long term. Added to this is all those churches and individuals who support us through CMS to enable us to devote good time to language learning. 

Secondly, there is the language school that I attended, G2K (Gateway to Khmer). This second institution gave me the foundation I needed to begin learning Khmer and continue learning Khmer in years to come. This school provided me with all the basics for speaking, listening, reading and writing Khmer as well as setting me up to continue learning Khmer once I had finished their program. It is the most well rounded language learning institution in Cambodia at present. It’s classroom model is invaluable.

The third institution that has helped me develop my Khmer has been the Bible School where I teach, Phnom Penh Bible School (PPBS). The opportunity to begin teaching in Khmer with the help of a translator has meant that all those skills that I picked up when I was full time language learning I was able to continue to hone as I taught. Beginning with teaching the Old Testament I was able to pick up a whole lot of new Christian Khmer vocabulary that would serve as a wonderful foundation for now as I teach theology. The school relationships that I have built have also provided a rich help in my Khmer both with time to practice and assistance with learning new words and concepts in Khmer. 

Finally, most importantly, the institution of my family has provided me with the stability to live in Cambodia and learn Khmer in different ways. It is these relationships (including my extended family and how they formed me as a person and language learner) that continue to play a part in my language development. 

God has been at work through this village of institutions to help me to learn and grow in my ability to communicate in Khmer.